Yousuf ban Tashfeen
Yousuf ban Tashfeen ne 1061 usay 1107 tak hukoomat ki. woh bara naik aur adil hukmaran tha, is ki zindagi barri saada thi. tareekh islam mein is ki barri ahmiyat hai. sehraye Azam mein islam ki ashaat aur undlas mein masihi yalghaar ko rokna is ke bohat barray karname hain. shehar marakish ki taamer bhi qabil fakhr karnamon mein shumaar hoti hai kyunkay is terhan is ne aik name wehshi ilaqay mein dar-al-hakoomat qaim karkay tahazeeb aur ilm ki bunyaad daali. Yousuf ne taqreeban pachaas saal hukoomat ki. is ki qaim ki hui saltanat doulat مرابطین ( 1061 ءتا 1147 hamza ) kehlati hai. Yousuf ke intqaal ke baad yeh hukoomat mazeed 40 saal qaim rahi. is ke baad jin logon ki hukoomat hui woh موحدین kehlate thay. saltanat موحدین mein bhi kuch salateen barray hi qabil zikar thay. jin mein abbu Yousuf Yaqoob almnsor aur abdalmomn barray qabil zikar naam hain. jin ka tazkara un شاء Allah jald hi –apne doston se karoon ga .
Yousuf ban Tashfeen marakish ke junoob mein sahrayi ilaqay کارہنے wala tha jis ne –apne sathiyon ki madad se sehraye Azam aur is ke junoob mein khandan مرابطین ki hukoomat qaim ki aur baad azan usay spain tak philadya. is ne sehraye Azam mein rehne walay name wehshi aur Habshi bashindon se kayi saal tak laraiyan kee aur apni hukoomat dareaye saini gaal tak barhadi thi. yeh log un qabail ke khilaaf jehaad hi nahi karte thay balkay un mein islam ki tableegh bhi karte thay aur is terhan unhon ne be shumaar بربروں aur habshiyon ko musalman banaya. tableegh ka yeh kaam Yousuf ke chacha abdullah ban yaseen ki nigrani mein hota tha. unhon ne is maqsad ke liye dareaye saini gaal ke aik jazeeray mein aik khanqah banai thi .
Shuru mein Yousuf ban Tashfeen is kaam mein –apne chacha ke sath tha lekin baad mein Yousuf shumal ki taraf agaya aur yahan faas aur dosray shehar fatah karkay koh Atlas ke daman mein waqay shehar marakish ki bunyaad daali. اندلسی musalmanoon ka wafad Yousuf se imdaad lainay ke liye isi shehar marakish mein aaya tha .
Jab musalmanoon ka wafad Yousuf se madad mangnay marakish aaya to Yousuf ban Tashfeen اندلسی musalmanoon ki madad ke liye tayyar hogaya aur aik taaqat war fouj ke sath undlas rawana sun-hwa. 1086 hamza mein isaai badshah الفانسو ne ”زلاقہ“ ke midanِ jung mein musalmanoon ka muqabla kya. aik sakht larai ke baad Yousuf ban Tashfeen ne الفانسو ko shikast di. jung زلاقہ ne aik inqilab peda kardiya, esaion ki hmtin toot gayeen aur Yousuf ban Tashfeen ne undlas ki choti choti musalman hukoomaton ko khatam karkay un ko saltanat مرابطین mein shaamil karliya .
is jung wajohaat kuch yun theen. Hisham sani ne –apne 26 sala daur hukoomat mein huspania mein ubharti hui isaai reyaston ke khilaaf 52 mehmaat mein hissa liya aur kabhi bhi shikast nahi khayi lekin 1002 hamza is ke intqaal ke baad spain mein muslim hukoomat ko zawaal agaya aur woh kayi hisson mein taqseem hogayi. 1082 hamza mein الفانسو shshm ne قشتالہ se apni tareekhi ftohat ke safar ka aaghaz kya. na ahal muslim hukmraanon mein usay roknay ki hargiz salahiyat nahi thi. 1085 hamza mein is ne bano Umia ke daur ke dar-al-hakoomat taleetla par qabza karliya. shehar ke azeem basyon ne 5 saal tak esaion ke khilaaf bharpoor muzahmat ki lekin bil akhir himmat haar baithy. الفانسو ka agla hadaf سرغوسہ ki kamzor riyasat thi. muslim hukmraanon ki na-ahli ke mukammal idraak ke baad ulama ne shumal maghribi africa mein doulat مرابطین ke Ameer Yousuf ban Tashfeen se rabita kya aur un se undlas ki doobti hui muslim riyasat ko bachanay ka mutalba kya. jis par Yousuf ne tayari shuru kar di .
قشتالہ ke badshah الفانسو shshm ko 80 hazaar شہسواروں, 10 hazaar پیادوں aur 30 hazaar karaye ke arab fojion ki khidmaat haasil theen. jabkay Yousuf ki fouj bees hazaar ke qareeb thi. 20 hazaar muslim afwaj mein se shaamil 12 hazaar burbur ( 10 hazaar sehsawar aur do hazaar پیادی ) behtareen jangju thay jabkay muqami 8 hazaar afwaj شہسواروں aur peyadah afwaj par mushtamil thay. dono sipah salaron ne jung se qabal paighamaat ka tabadlah kya. Yousuf ne dushman ko teen tajaweez paish kee : 1. islam qubool karo, ﴿2﴾. jaziya 🌤3. ya jung .
الفانسو ne مرابطین se jung ko tarjeeh di. jung 23 october 1086 hamza burrows jummay subah Sooraj nikaltay waqt الفانسو ke hamlay ke sath shuru hui. Yousuf ne apni fouj ko daston mein taqseem kya pehlay dastay ki qayadat Ibad saalis المعتمد kar raha tha jabkay dosray dastay ki qayadat khud Yousuf ban Tashfeen ne ki. dopehar tak المعتمد ki afwaj hi الفانسو ka muqaabla karti rahen jis ke baad Yousuf ban Tashfeen apni fouj samait jung mein daakhil sun-hwa aur الفانسو ki afwaj ka gherao karliya jis par isaai afwaj mein afratafri phail gayi aur Yousuf ne siyah faam bashindon par mushtamil teesray dastay ko hamlay ka hukum day diya jis ne aakhri اورفیصلہ kin hamla karte hue jung ka faisla muslim afwaj ke haq mein kardiya. musalmanoon ki faisla kin fatah ka andaza is baat se lagaya ja sakta hai ke 60 hazaar ke isaai lashkar mein se 59 hazaar 500 is jung mein kaam aaye jabkay الفانسو zindah bach gaya taham is ki aik taang zaya hogayi .
is maidan jung ko زلاقہ ke naam se puraka jata hai jis ka matlab ”پھسلتا sun-hwa میدان“ hai kyunkay markay ke roz is qader khoon baha ke afwaj ko qadam jamanay mein mushkil honay lagi. isaai zaraye is jung ko battle of sagrajas ke naam se yaad karte hain. is tareekhi fatah ke nateejay mein aglay 300 saal tak spain mein muslim hukoomat mojood rahi. agar yeh fatah nah hoti to musalmanoon ki hukoomat 1092 hamza mein hi khatam hojati .
is jung ko salebi jangoo ke aaghaz ki ahem tareen wajah samjha jata hai kyunkay is mein shikast ke baad hi esaion ne musalmanoon ke khilaaf wasee pemanay par jarhiyat ke silsilay ka aaghaz kya. jis ka jawab baad azan Salah Aldeen ayobi ne bakhoobi diya .
manqool
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